Phytochemical Intensification of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Through Bioformulation-Guided Cultivation: A GC–MS-Based Comparative Investigation

Vishal Chaudhary; Adavesh Holeyache; Sreelekshmi Biju; Arun Chougale

doi:10.5455/AAM.307421

2026, Vol: 15, Issue: 4

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Original Research
Online Published: 09 Jun 2026

AAM. 2026; 15(4): 699-710

doi: 10.5455/AAM.307421

Phytochemical Intensification of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Through Bioformulation-Guided Cultivation: A GC–MS-Based Comparative Investigation

Vishal Chaudhary, Adavesh Holeyache, Sreelekshmi Biju, Arun Chougale.

Abstract
The agricultural optimization of medicinal oilseeds requires balancing morphological yield and secondary metabolite concentrations. Conventional farming, generating over 6.50 million metric tons of global sesame annually, relies on synthetic inputs that prioritize structural growth over phytochemical density. This study investigates the biochemical and agronomic efficacy of Kunapajala, an ancient fermented bioformulation from Vrikshayurveda, on the black variety of Sesamum indicum L., addressing the lack of analytical validation regarding traditional organics and furanofuran lignan biosynthesis. A six-month comparative experiment divided homogenous soil matrices (pH 7.20, organic carbon 0.45%) into an untreated control (T₁) and a treated group (T₂). Extracted sesame oil was subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The treated group demonstrated statistically significant enhancements across all metrics. Capsule count elevated from 32.00 to 48.50 per plant, and seed yield surged from 395.00 kg ha⁻¹ to 545.00 kg ha⁻¹. GC-MS analysis revealed upregulated phytochemical output, with absolute sesamolin rising from 180.40 mg/kg to 240.24 mg/kg, and sesamin expanding from 260.70 mg/kg to 320.41 mg/kg. These findings validate the capacity of traditional bioformulations to trigger the phenylpropanoid pathway, confirming that biologically active matrices successfully bridge the gap between high agricultural output and pharmaceutical-grade quality.

Key words: Sesamum indicum L., phytochemical elicitation, Kunapajala, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, phenylpropanoid pathway, sesamin, sustainable agronomy.

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Pubmed Style

Chaudhary V, Holeyache A, Biju S, Chougale A. Phytochemical Intensification of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Through Bioformulation-Guided Cultivation: A GC–MS-Based Comparative Investigation. AAM. 2026; 15(4): 699-710. doi:10.5455/AAM.307421

Web Style

Chaudhary V, Holeyache A, Biju S, Chougale A. Phytochemical Intensification of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Through Bioformulation-Guided Cultivation: A GC–MS-Based Comparative Investigation. https://www.aamjournal.in/?mno=307421 [Access: October 11, 2026]. doi:10.5455/AAM.307421

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Chaudhary V, Holeyache A, Biju S, Chougale A. Phytochemical Intensification of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Through Bioformulation-Guided Cultivation: A GC–MS-Based Comparative Investigation. AAM. 2026; 15(4): 699-710. doi:10.5455/AAM.307421

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Chaudhary V, Holeyache A, Biju S, Chougale A. Phytochemical Intensification of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Through Bioformulation-Guided Cultivation: A GC–MS-Based Comparative Investigation. AAM. (2026), [cited October 11, 2026]; 15(4): 699-710. doi:10.5455/AAM.307421

Harvard Style

Chaudhary, V., Holeyache, . A., Biju, . S. & Chougale, . A. (2026) Phytochemical Intensification of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Through Bioformulation-Guided Cultivation: A GC–MS-Based Comparative Investigation. AAM, 15 (4), 699-710. doi:10.5455/AAM.307421

Turabian Style

Chaudhary, Vishal, Adavesh Holeyache, Sreelekshmi Biju, and Arun Chougale. 2026. Phytochemical Intensification of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Through Bioformulation-Guided Cultivation: A GC–MS-Based Comparative Investigation. Annals of Ayurvedic Medicine, 15 (4), 699-710. doi:10.5455/AAM.307421

Chicago Style

Chaudhary, Vishal, Adavesh Holeyache, Sreelekshmi Biju, and Arun Chougale. "Phytochemical Intensification of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Through Bioformulation-Guided Cultivation: A GC–MS-Based Comparative Investigation." Annals of Ayurvedic Medicine 15 (2026), 699-710. doi:10.5455/AAM.307421

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APA (American Psychological Association) Style

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