E-ISSN 2347-6923 | ISSN 2277-4092
 

Review Article 


Cutaneous Manifestation of Amraz- E- Kabid ( Liver Diseases) : A Review

S M AHMER, Ataullah Fahad, M M Wamiq Amin.

Abstract
According to various Unani physicians, the kabid (liver) is considered as one of the most vital organ of the body, responsible for the metabolic functions mostly the production of Akhlaat(humors). Amraze kabid (liver diseases) are frequently associated with abnormalities of the skin, nails and hair. Amraze kabid can give rise to numerous extrahepatic disorders among which skin disease occupies a central place Yaraqan Asfar (Jaundice), and pruritis, Fasad al-Lawn (pigmentary changes), Dakhis (paronychia), palmar erythema, all are recognized sequelae of amraze kabid. Knowledge of these cutaneous manifestations helps in suspecting an underlying systemic illness. Ali Ibne Abbas Majoosi, Ibn Sina, Ibn Rushd, and other Unani physicians have described various cutaneous parameters for the determination of the temperament of the liver. The present review study was aimed to focus on the cutaneous manifestations described by Greco Arabic physicians that may be found in various liver diseases.

Key words: Skin, Liver, Temperament


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

AHMER SM, Fahad A, Amin MMW. Cutaneous Manifestation of Amraz- E- Kabid ( Liver Diseases) : A Review. AAM. 2020; 9(3): 208-213. doi:10.5455/AAM.117406


Web Style

AHMER SM, Fahad A, Amin MMW. Cutaneous Manifestation of Amraz- E- Kabid ( Liver Diseases) : A Review. https://www.aamjournal.in/?mno=117406 [Access: December 06, 2023]. doi:10.5455/AAM.117406


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

AHMER SM, Fahad A, Amin MMW. Cutaneous Manifestation of Amraz- E- Kabid ( Liver Diseases) : A Review. AAM. 2020; 9(3): 208-213. doi:10.5455/AAM.117406



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

AHMER SM, Fahad A, Amin MMW. Cutaneous Manifestation of Amraz- E- Kabid ( Liver Diseases) : A Review. AAM. (2020), [cited December 06, 2023]; 9(3): 208-213. doi:10.5455/AAM.117406



Harvard Style

AHMER, S. M., Fahad, . A. & Amin, . M. M. W. (2020) Cutaneous Manifestation of Amraz- E- Kabid ( Liver Diseases) : A Review. AAM, 9 (3), 208-213. doi:10.5455/AAM.117406



Turabian Style

AHMER, S M, Ataullah Fahad, and M M Wamiq Amin. 2020. Cutaneous Manifestation of Amraz- E- Kabid ( Liver Diseases) : A Review. Annals of Ayurvedic Medicine, 9 (3), 208-213. doi:10.5455/AAM.117406



Chicago Style

AHMER, S M, Ataullah Fahad, and M M Wamiq Amin. "Cutaneous Manifestation of Amraz- E- Kabid ( Liver Diseases) : A Review." Annals of Ayurvedic Medicine 9 (2020), 208-213. doi:10.5455/AAM.117406



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

AHMER, S M, Ataullah Fahad, and M M Wamiq Amin. "Cutaneous Manifestation of Amraz- E- Kabid ( Liver Diseases) : A Review." Annals of Ayurvedic Medicine 9.3 (2020), 208-213. Print. doi:10.5455/AAM.117406



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

AHMER, S. M., Fahad, . A. & Amin, . M. M. W. (2020) Cutaneous Manifestation of Amraz- E- Kabid ( Liver Diseases) : A Review. Annals of Ayurvedic Medicine, 9 (3), 208-213. doi:10.5455/AAM.117406